Loom selvage motion



1960 M. R. FLAMAND LOOM SELVAGE MOTION 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Jan. 11, 1957 INVENTOR. Mnumc: R. F LAMAND A TTORNEY' Feb. 9, 1960 M. R. FLAMAND 2,924,247

LOOM SELVAGE MOTION Filed Jan. 11. 1957 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. Mnurucr: R. FLAMAND A TTORNE Y United Sttes Patent 2924,24? LooM SELVAGE MOTION Maurice R. Flamand, Valley Falls, R.I., assignor to Draper Corporation, Hopedale, Mass., at corporation of Maine Application January 11, 1957, Serial No. 633,696

7 Claims. (Cl. 139-53) This invention pertains to selvage motions for looms and more particularly, to such a motion adapted for use with a loom in which the main group of warp threads is so controlled as to cross a considerable distance below the theoretically exact center position incidental to their movement.

It is a general object of the invention to devise a selvage motion for warp threads at the selvages ofa loom of the type in which the main warp crosses a considerable distance from atheoretical center position, and which shall effectively cross its threads oif center and on a level with those of the main warp sheet.

A further object is that of providing an inexpensive and effective means which shall operate as desired and which shall employ a very simple and effective mechanical motion forproviding this differential movement.

I Other objects will become apparent from the following more detailed description.

In conventional fly shuttle looms selvage motions usually function to cross their threads at about the center of their travel which is also the point of crossing of the main warp sheet. However, in shuttleless looms of the type described in United States Patent 2,580,994 the warp crossing is effected close to the lower extremity of movement and that for a purpose peculiar and essential to the 'efiicient operation of such looms. Selvage motions which cross at a near center position do not serve well and, in fact, affect the filling inserting mechanism in an objectionable manner.

To overcome the inadequacies of these motions, and according to the instant invention, a novel selvage motion is provided in which the harnesses are given opposed diflierential movements, at least, throughout a great part of their extent of travel and which in so doing, cross their threads at substantially the same level and at the same time as the main warp sheet is crossed.

This mechanism and its operation will be described in detail by reference to a specific embodiment thereof illustrated in the accompanying figures of drawing, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a loom with the invention applied thereto.

Fig. 2 is a section taken through a part of the loom showing details of the selvage motion.

Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the mechanism of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a detail view of one cam which may be used.

Fig. 5 is an end elevation of the cam.

Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 4, but of a modified form of cam.

Fig. 7 shows in detail connection of a frame to the harness strap.

" Fig. 8 is a similar view showing the connection at the lower harness frame end.

Fig. 9 is a diagrammatic view showing tht differential movement and relative position of a pair of cooperating harness frames at different points in their cycle.

- Now referring to Fig. 1, part of a shuttless loom is 2 frame members 12 and .12, cam shaft 14 and ateach end an enclosure 15 or 16 within which is oscillated by suitableknown mechanism a tape wheel to which is attached a flexible, filling inserting member. Harness frames "17 are suspended from a spring top motion .ineluding brackets 18 and 19 and spring biased cords 20 running over series of sheaves 21 and 22, see Figs. 2 and 3 also, in which these sheaves are shown in position on 'a shaft 23. However, any harness top motion of this general class will suifice, so further and detailed description is not needed here. These harnesses are controlled from below by a harness cam means such as that of United States Patent 2,637,348.

Selvage threads, a supply of which may be wound upon the main beam or on separate spools or the like are provided at each side of the loom and are threaded through heddles 24, Figs. 1, 2, 3, 7 and 8. These heddles' are mounted inany suitable frame, herein constructed by top and bottom members 25 and 26 tied together by side struts 27 and 28. The top members 25 are perforated to be attached as shown to straps or cords 29. These straps or chords must be stretchable to a reasonable extent to compensate for a differential movement later described. These run over specially mounted pulleys 30 rotatable on rod 31 fixed at its ends in depending, angular brackets 32. The latter are clamped or otherwise held by the top A substantially duplicate harness generally indicated I by numeral 33 is suspended at the other end of strap 29 and has a bottom connector member 34 similar to member 26. These harnesses, each of which has one-half the selvage threads for one side of the fabric threaded through its heddles, are oscillated up and down in a shedding movement by mechanism presently to be described. Referring more particularly to Figs. 2 and 3, the lower connector members 26 and 34 are attached to slotted cross trees 35 and 36 at the upper ends of guide bars 37 and 38 restrained for vertical motion in guide grooves in bracket 39. The latter is bolted to a vertical frame member 40.

A second bracket 41 is also bolted to the member 40 by screws or bolts '42, 43 and 44. This bracket comprises a bearing 45 for the cam shaft'14,'.a curved, ribbed part 46 and a bearing 47 at its lower extremity for a shaft 7 48. This shaft 48 is free to oscillate and has at one end a combined gear 49 and'cam freelyrotatable and driven by a pinion 50 clamped or otherwise fixed on shaft.1-4. This gear and its cam are shown in detail in Figs; 4, ,5 and 6, and comprise a central webwith gear; teeth out at its periphery andtwo cams, one at eitherside; Cam 51 has two lobes and is used to control the selvage har; mess to effect a change of shed at each pick. The'cam 52 has only one lobe and reverses the shed at every other pick. The gear may be reversed to bring either cam into action. The cam affects the harness through an arm 53 pivoted at 54 and connected at its free end 55 to a shorter arm 56 by links 57. Arm 53 has followers 58 and 59 engageable, one at either side of the cam 51 or 52 as the case may be, see Fig. 2. To take care of the angular disposal of the cam with relation to the followers and to assure that there shall be no appreciable slack between the parts, the cams are varied in thickness as illustrated.

Arm 56 oscillates shaft 48 which has fixed at its opposite end a two armed lever having arms 60 and 61 disposed about apart. Arm 60 is connected to guide bar 37 by link 62 while arm 61 attaches by link 63 to bar 38. The position of parts is such that when the main harness control opens the shed to a maximum, or at likewise impart shedding movements to their respective bars and harnesses. While one side only of the loom has been described indetail, it is to be understood that the devices at each side are substantial duplicates and function together in timed relationship. In certain respects one is right and the otherleft handed, but that is merely incidental to theirposition and disposal in the loom.

.In Fig. 9, the manner of operation of the selvage shedding means and its timing is shown. As the arms 60 and 61 swing to and from vertical and horizontal positions, it becomes evident that the arm afiecting the .top harness moves downwardly initially much faster than the other arm and parts controlled by it move upward initially. Five positions are numbered so that harness positions and angular travel of the arms may be compared. The positions at point 3, that is when the arms have swung 45 of the total 90 movement, also the position of crossing,

are well below the vertical mid-point of the harness travel, in fact, closer to one-third of the harness travel from bottom to top.

By varying the cam contours, the crossing position and other characteristics of the motion may be controlled within limits. This makes possible the crossing of the selvage threads at substantially the same levelv as that at which the main warp threads are crossed and alsoa coincidence between the levels of the lower warp threads'at the time the filling inserters are entered and/or withdrawn from the shed, thereby avoiding and tendingto cause an erratic movement of the parts at that critical part of the cycle.

The positions of the sheaves or pulleys 38 over which tapes 29 pass and of the point of connection of the bottom members 26 may be varied laterally for several inchesto take care of positioning the selvage threads in accordance with the width of fabric being woven.

When the single lobe camof Fig. 4 is used, the selvage threads cross one-half as often as when the double lobe cam of Fig. 6 is employed. By selecting different gear ratios for pinions and gears 49, the selvage warp threads may be made to cross less often, for example, every four picks or at other intervals.

While one embodiment of the invention has been disclosed, it is to be understood that the inventive concept may be carried out in a number of ways. This invention is, therefore, not to be limited to the precise details described, but is intended to embrace all variations and modifications thereof falling within the spirit of the inventionaand the scope of the claims.

I claim: 1. In a loom of the type described, a main warpharness mechanism, a harness mechanism including at least one pair of harness frames including heddles for selvage threads and movable to shed said threads aboveand below a center position, and means to reciprocate said selvage harness mechanism and heddles which comprises means, independent of the main warp harness mechanism,-eifective differentially thereupon to efiect simultaneous initial movement of each of said pair of frames in opposite directions and at variable rates of speed with respect to eachother to cross said selvage threads well below said center position at substantially the same level and at the same time as the main warp sheet is crossed.

2. In a loom of the type described, a'main warp harness mechanism, a harness mechanism including at least one at. at Harness names including heddles for savage threads and movable to shed said threads above and below i a center position, and means to reciprocate said selvage harness mechanism and heddles which comprise crank operated means, independent of the main warp harness mechanism, effective differentially thereupon to effect a very slow initial lifting of one of said pair of frames, and simultaneous rapid initial lowering of'the other of said pair to cross said selvage threads well below said center position at substantially the. same le vel and at the same time as the main warpsheet is crossed.

3. In a loom of the type described, a main warp harness mechanism, a harness mechanism including at least one pair of harness frames including heddles and movable to shed said thread sabove and below a center position, and

means to reciprocate sa'id selvage harness mechanism and heddles which comprises crank operated means, independent of the main warp harness mechanism, effective differentially thereupon to effect a very slow initial lifting of one'ofsaid pair of frames, and simultaneous rapid initial lowering of, the other. of said pair to cross said selvage threads. well below said center position at substantially the same level and at the same time as themain warp sheet is crossed, cam means for oscillating said crank means, and.means to drive said cam means at a uniformspeed from, some rotating part of the loom.

. 4. In a loom of the type described, a main warp harness mechanism, a harness mechanismincluding at leastone pair of harness frames including heddles for selvage threads and movable to shed said threads above and below a centerposition, and means .to reciprocate said. selvage I harness mechanism and heddles. which comprises. crank and simultaneous rapid initial lowering of, the other of said pair to cross said selvage threads Well below said center position at substantially thesame leveland at the same time as the main warp sheet, is crossed; and cam means for. oscillating said crank means to reverse, the selvage threads on every other pick only ofthe loom.

5. In a selvage motion for looms of the type described, harness mechanisms including heddles for selvage threads movable to shed said threads above and below a center position, and means to reciprocate said harnessmechanisms and heddles in such manner that. theselvage warp threads governed thereby cross well below, said .center position at substantially the same level and at the same time as the main warp sheet is crossed which comprises a pivot, a crank oscillatable at said pivot, said, crank having two arms, one of which is substantially vertically disposed when the other is substantially horizontal, means for connecting each arm to one of said hamess mechanisms, and means to oscillate said crankthroughout an extent'of approximately T 6. Mechanism. as defined in claim 5 wherein said means to oscillate'said crank. comprises a cam, afollowerfor said cam and linkage moved by the follower and. connected to said crank.

7. Mechanism as defined in claim 6 wherein said cam is effective to cross the warp selvage threads on alternate picks only.

References Cited in the file of this. patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 768,144 Perham Aug. 23,1904 769,921 Roper Sept. .13, .1904 1,981,039 Greaves Nov. 20, ,1934

2,580,994 Budzyna et a1. J an. 1, .1952 2,602,471 Morrison July .8, 1952 1 2,830,623 Masson et al. Apr. 15, 1958 

